Etika Qur’ani dan Fiqh al-Bi’ah sebagai Landasan Kebijakan Ekologis: Pendekatan Normatif untuk Memperkuat Kesadaran Masyarakat Mandailing Natal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61994/jsls.v4i1.1562Keywords:
Qur’anic ethics, fiqh al-bi'ah, ecological policy, maqasid al-shari’ahAbstract
This study examines the normative foundations of the Qur’an, fiqh al-bi’ah, and maqasid al-shari’ah as a basis for preventing destructive practices in Mandailing Natal (Madina) and evaluating the integration of Islamic norms with technical policies and remedial actions. This study uses a normative research method with a hermeneutic and fiqhiyyah approach, through reading the Qur’an and tafsir, as well as analyzing the principles of fiqh al-bi’ah and maqasid al-shari'ah. Data sources include scientific literature, regulations, MUI fatwas, field reports, and media archives, which are analyzed qualitatively-descriptively and triangulated with empirical evidence. The results show that Qur’anic and fiqhiyyah textual arguments affirm the normative obligation to maintain mizan and prevent fasad. Empirical findings confirm mercury pollution from Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining (ASGM), coastal ecosystem degradation due to destructive fishing practices, and river waste accumulation that exacerbates health and livelihood vulnerabilities. This study also identifies gaps in the implementation of national policies at the local level, limited access to mercury-free technology, and weak regional operational regulations, which delay the internalization of ecological awareness. Based on these results, the study recommends strengthening policies based on maqasid al-shari’ah through district fatwa interventions and contextual regional regulations, thematic da'wah for behavioral change, adoption of mercury-free technology substitutes, and sharia financing mechanisms to support remediation and mitigation. This study is limited to normative and textual analysis without field testing, so further empirical research is recommended to assess the effectiveness of implementing Sharia-based ecological policies in Madina.
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