Self-Determination dan Flow Olahraga Pada Remaja
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61994/educate.v2i1.325Keywords:
Self Determination, Flow, Olahraga, Pengaruh, AktivitasAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh self-determination terhadap flow pada remaja yang menyukai aktivitas olahraga. Penelitian ini melibatkan beberapa variabel yaitu flow dan self-determination. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik pengisian kuesioner melalui Google Form secara online. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 117 remaja dengan rentang usia 15-25 tahun. Metode analisis yang kami gunakan adalah metode deskriptif dan korelasi spearman menggunakan JASP 0.18.1.0. Skala yang kami gunakan adalah skala modifikasi flow dan skala modifikasi self-determination. Berdasarkan penelitian yang kami lakukan, kami menemukan: 1). Semakin tinggi self-determination seseorang, semakin besar kemungkinan ia mengalami keadaan mengalir. Pada penelitian ini diketahui P = 0,001 berada dibawah 0,05. Artinya ada hubungan antara arus & self-determination.2). Laki-laki memiliki self-determination yang lebih tinggi dan cenderung mengalami kondisi flow dibandingkan perempuan. 3). Rentang usia 20-25 tahun mempunyai kemandirian yang lebih tinggi dan cenderung mengalami kondisi flow dibandingkan dengan rentang usia 15-19 tahun.
References
Bakker, A. B., & van Woerkom, M. (2017). Flow at Work: a Self-Determination Perspective. Occupational Health Science, 1(1–2), 47–65.
Bassi, M., & Delle Fave, A. (2012). Optimal experience and self-determination at school: Joining perspectives. Motivation and Emotion, 36(4), 425–438.
Boyd, J. M., Schary, D. P., Worthington, A. R., & Jenny, S. E. (2018). An examination of the differences in flow between individual and team athletes. Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research, 78(1), 33–40.
Brewer, B. W., Van Raalte, J. L., Linder, D. E., & Van Raalte, N. S. (1991). Peak performance and the perils of retrospective introspection. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 13(3), 227–238.
Burton, K. D., Lydon, J. E., D’Alessandro, D. U., & Koestner, R. (2006). The differential effects of intrinsic and identified motivation on well-being and performance: Prospective, experimental, and implicit approaches to self-determination theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91(4), 750–762.
Csikszentmihalyi, M., & LeFevre, J. (1989). Pengalaman optimal dalam bekerja dan bersantai. Jurnal Psikologi Kepribadian dan Sosial, 56(5), 815-822.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The psychology of optimal experience. Journal of Leisure Research, 24(1), 93–94.
Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Rathunde, K. (1993). The measurement of flow in everyday life: Toward a theory of emergent motivation. In J. E. Jacobs (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation, 1992: Developmental perspectives on motivation (pp. 57–97). University of Nebraska Press.
Deci, E.L., & Richard M. Ryan. (2000). Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-Being. American Psychologist. University of Rochester. 55(1), 67-78.
Deci, E.L., & Richard M. Ryan. (2000). The "What" and "Why" of Goal Pursuits: Human Needs and the Self-Determination of Behavior. Psychological Inquiry. 11(4), 227-268.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Motivation and self-determination in human behavior. NY: Plenum Publishing Co.
El-Mawas, N., & Heutte, J. (2019). Instrumen pengukuran aliran untuk menguji motivasi siswa dalam kursus ilmu komputer. Konferensi Internasional ke-11 tentang Pendidikan yang Didukung Komputer (CSEDU 2019), 1, 495-505.
Field, S., Hoffman, A., & Posch, M. (1997). Self-Determination during Adolescence A Developmental Perspective. Journal of Remedial and Special Education, 18, (5), 285-293.
Gabriela, D. (2017). Intrinsic motivation and flow condition on the music teacher’s performance. Research in Pedagogy, 7(2), 145–157.
Hagger, M. S., & Chatzisarantis, N. L. D. (2007). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in exercise and sport. Human Kinetics.
Hasibuan, Malayu S.P. 2011. Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Bumi Askara.
Havitz, M. E., & Mannell, R. C. (2005). Keterlibatan yang bertahan lama, keterlibatan situasional, dan aliran dalam aktivitas waktu luang dan non-waktu luang. Jurnal Penelitian Waktu Luang, 37(2), 152-177.
Jackson, S. A., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1999). Aliran dalam olahraga. Kinetika Manusia.
Jackson , S. A., Marsh, H. W., Thomas, P. R., & Smethurst, C. J.. (2001). Relationship between flow, self-concept, psychological skills, and performance. Journal of applied sport psychology.
Jackson, SA, & Marsh, HW (1996). Pengembangan dan validası skala untuk pengalaman optimal Skala Kondisi Aliran (Flow State Scale). Jurnal Psikologi Olahraga dân Latihan, 18 (1), 17-35.
Jackson, SA, Martin, AJ, & Eklund, RC (2008). Pengukuran aliran panjang dan pendek: Validitas konstruk dari FSS-2, DFS-2, dan alat ukur singkat yang baru. Jurnal Psikologi Olahraga dan Latihan, 30(5), 561-587.
Jackson, S. A., Eklund, R. C, Gordon, A., Norsworthy, C., Mackenzie, S. H., Hodge, K., & Stephen, S. A. (2023). Flow and outdoor adventure recreation: Using flow measures to re-examine motives for participation. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 67, Article 101427.
Keller, J., & Bless, H. (2008). Aliran dan kompatibilitas peraturan: Pendekatan eksperimental terhadap model aliran motivasi intrinsik. Buletin Psikologi Kepribadian dan Sosial, 34(2), 196-209.
Kimiecik, J. C., & Jackson, S. A. (2002). Optimal experience in sport: A flow perspective. In T. S. Horn (Ed.), Advances in sport psychology (pp. 501–527). Human Kinetics.
Koufaris, M. (2002). Applying the Technology Acceptance Model and Flow Theory to Online Consumer Behavior. Information System Research. Information System Research.
Lane, Andrew M., Tracey J., Istvan S., Itsvan K., Eva L., & Pal Hamar. (2010). Emotional Intelligence and Emotions Associated with Optimal and Dysfunctional Athletic Performance. Journal of Sport Science & Medicine. 9(3) : 388-392.
Mamahit, Henny Christine, Dominikus D.B.S. (2016). Hubungan Self-Determination dan Motivasi Berprestasi dengan Kemampuan Pengambilan Keputusan Siswa SMA. Jurnal Psibernetika. 9(2).
Martin, J. J., & Cutler, K. (2002). An exploratory study of flow and motivation in theater actors. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14(4), 344–352.
Nakamura, J., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2002). The concept of flow. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 89–105). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ntoumanis, N. (2001). A self-determination approach to the understanding of motivation in physical education. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 71, 225–242.
Ramadhania, A. D., Sumaryanti, I. U., (2019) Studi Deskriptif pengalaman Flow dalam Olahraga Ski Air di Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Prosiding psychology.
Shemoff, D. J., Csikszentmihalyi, M., Schneider, B., & Shernoff, E. S. (2014). Keterlibatan siswa di ruang kelas sekolah menengah dari perspektif teori aliran Aplikasi aliran dalam perkembangan manusia dan pendidikan. Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9094-9_24
Rigby, C. S., Deci, E. L., Patrick, B. C., & Ryan, R. M. (1992). Beyond the intrinsic-extrinsic dichotomy: Self-determination in motivation and learning. Motivation and Emotion, 16(3), 165–185.
Stein, G. L., Kimiecik, J. C., Daniels, J., & Jackson, S. A. (1995). Psychological antecedents of flow in recreational sport. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(2), 125–135.
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta
Suryani dan Hendryadi. (2016). Metode Riset Kuantitatif Teori dan Aplikasi pada Penelitian Bidang Manajemen dan Ekonomi Islam. Jakarta: Prenada Media Group.
Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L., (2002). Handbook of Self-Determination Research. New York: The University of Rochester Press.
Takiuddin, M. (2022) Determinasi diri dan Flow pada Siswa SMA. Jurnal konseling pendidikan.
Wang, C. K. J., & Demerin, P. A. G. (2023). Relationship between self-determination theory and flow in the domain of sports and academics among student-athletes. Asian Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology.
Wilhelmsen, C. (2012). Flow and music therapy improvisation: a qualitative study of music therapits’ experiences of flow during improvisation in music therapy. https://bora.uib.no/boraxmlui/handle/1956/7141
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 M. Farian Faijel, Uswatun Hasanah, Fatimah Azzahra Rayhani, Amanda Damayanti, Reni Apriyani Suratman, Shabrina Putri Maesha, Azfa Husna Khadijah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.