Youth Outside Education, Employment, and Training: Policy Challenges For Indonesia From International Evidence

Binta Zulfia; Etty Soesilowati; Inayati Nuraini Dwiputri

doi:10.61994/equivalent.v4i2.1497

Authors

Binta Zulfia Department of Development Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Malang, East Java Author
Etty Soesilowati Department of Development Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Malang, East Java Author
Inayati Nuraini Dwiputri Department of Development Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Malang, East Java Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61994/equivalent.v4i2.1497

Keywords:

Youth employment, NEET, Public Policy Analysis, Labor Policy, Bank Indonesia

Abstract

The increasing number of individuals who are not in education, employment, or training (NEET)—especially among young people—represents a segment of the population that is not optimally integrated into economic activities and skills development. This condition poses significant social and economic risks if not handled properly. This study aims to examine this phenomenon through a comparative analysis of the experiences of several countries, namely China, Australia, and the United Kingdom. The discussion focuses on the causal factors, structural challenges, and policy approaches implemented in each country. In the context of Indonesia, this analysis also highlights the “Kartu Prakerja” policy as one of the government's instruments for addressing the problems faced by youth who are not in education, employment, or training. The results of the study show that although international evidence provides essential insights, differences in demographic characteristics, labor market conditions, and institutional frameworks require Indonesia to adjust the design and implementation of policies to better align with the target group's characteristics.

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