The Effect of a Hybrid Work Environment on Employee Performance with Motivation as a Moderating Variable at the Department of Manpower, Cooperatives, and Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises of Serdang Bedagai Regency

Irpan Hariono Saragih; Hernawaty; Erwansyah

doi:10.61994/equivalent.v4i2.1957

Authors

Irpan Hariono Saragih Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi, Medan, North Sumatra Author
Hernawaty Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi, Medan, North Sumatra Author
Erwansyah Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi, Medan, North Sumatra Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61994/equivalent.v4i2.1957

Keywords:

hybrid work environment, work motivation, employee performance, SEM-PLS

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of a hybrid work environment on employee performance with work motivation as a moderating variable at the Department of Manpower, Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises of Serdang Bedagai Regency. This research employed a quantitative associative approach. The population consisted of 35 employees, and a saturated sampling technique was applied. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Squares (PLS) with SmartPLS software. The results show that the hybrid work environment does not have a significant effect on employee performance, as indicated by a T-statistic value of 1.149 and a p-value of 0.258, leading to the rejection of the first hypothesis. Work motivation also does not have a significant effect on employee performance, with a T-statistic of 1.839 and a p-value of 0.074, resulting in the rejection of the second hypothesis. Furthermore, work motivation does not moderate the relationship between the hybrid work environment and employee performance, as shown by a T-statistic of 1.082 and a p-value of 0.287, so the third hypothesis is also rejected. Based on these findings, it is recommended that government institutions do not rely solely on hybrid work systems to improve employee performance, but also strengthen supporting factors such as digital competence, performance supervision, task clarity, and organizational policies that align with job characteristics.

References

Adha, R. N., Qomariah, N., & Hafidzi, A. H. (2019). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja, Budaya Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Jember. Jurnal Penelitian IPTEKS, 4(1), 47. https://doi.org/10.32528/ipteks.v4i1.2109

Alya Della Rosa, Dheo Rimbano, Bella Dwi Sapera, Taura Venusia Ramadhona, Muhammad Ariel Al Fahira, & Wayan Singka Damara. (2025). Dampak Sistem Kerja Hybrid, Sistem Reward Dan Produktivitas Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Studi Literatur Pada Perusahaan BUMN). Lokawati : Jurnal Penelitian Manajemen Dan Inovasi Riset, 3(1), 319–344. https://doi.org/10.61132/lokawati.v3i1.1528

Arvienu, G. N. B., Transformasional, K., & Kerja, K. (2024). Pengaruh Hybrid Work Dan Kepemimpinan Transformasional Variabel Mediasi Pada Pt Semesta the Effect of Hybrid Work and Transformational Leadership on Job Satisfaction With Creative Environment As a Mediation Variable At Pt Semesta. Journal of Young Entrepreneurs, 3(3), 49–66. https://ejournal.upnvj.ac.id/index.php/jye

Erwansyah, E., Robain, W., & ... (2022). Analysis of the Influence of the Creative Economy on the Economy of the People of Pematang Serai Village, Tanjung Pura District …. … Conference of Science …, 399–404. https://journal.pancabudi.ac.id/index.php/icesshi/article/view/4546%0Ahttps://journal.pancabudi.ac.id/index.php/icesshi/article/download/4546/4126

Febriantina, S., Palupi, A., Malikhah, A. S., Khatimah, H., & Maharani, nadya R. (2025). Kepemimpinan Transformasional sebagai Strategi untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Kerja dalam Lingkungan Kerja Hybrid. International Journal Of Social, Policy And Law, 6(1), 27–36.

Ghozali. (2018). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 25. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.

Ghozali & Latan. (2015). Konsep, Teknik, Aplikasi Menggunakan Smart PLS 3.0 Untuk Penelitian Empiris. BP Undip. SemarangHarnanto. 2017. Akuntansi Biaya: Sistem Biaya Historis. BPFE.

Ghozali, I. (2016). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariete Dengan Program IBM SPSS 23 (Edisi 8). Cetakan ke VII. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.

Hair,J.F., et. al. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). SAGE Publications.

Hatidah, & Indriansyah, A. (2023). PENGARUH KINERJA PEGAWAI TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN DI CV MITRA CELULAR PALEMBANG Hatidah Politeknik Darussalam, Indonesia. Jumek : Jurnal Manajemen Dan Ekonomi Kreatif, 1 No.1(1), 179–189.

Hernawaty. (2021). GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN, MOTIVASI DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI. Jurnal Ilmiah Smart, V(1), 35–39. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.62262/jmab.v5i1.200

Heryadi, R., & Sukmalana, S. (2020). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja. Majalah Bisnis & IPTEK, 13(2), 80–92. https://doi.org/10.55208/bistek.v13i2.211

Husnul Fatimah, T. K. A. (2022). Pengaruh Kinerja Pegawai Terhadap Kepuasan KerjaPegawai Dinas Perhubungan Kabupaten Raja Ampat. Pengabdian Dan Pendampingan Masyarakat, 2(November), 97–105.

Labbase, I., Irsan, M., Suparman, H., Zakiah, N., & Tasrief, K. (2024). Hubungan Antara Budaya Organisasi Dan Kinerja Tim Dalam Lingkungan Kerja Hybrid. YUME : Journal of Management, 7(2), 474–480.

Mahardika, R., Hamid, D., & Ruhana, I. (2020). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja (survei Karyawan Pada PT. Axa Financial Indonesia Sales Office Malang). Jurnal Mitra Manajemen, Vol.4, No. 2, hal. 1–10. http://download.garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/article.php?article=189462&val=6468&title=PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN Survei Karyawan Pada PT Axa Financial Indonesia Sales Office Malang

Mamitoho, T., Areros, W. A., & Rogahang, J. J. (2023). “ Pengaruh Motivasi KerjaTerhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT.Angkasa Pura 1 (PERSERO) Bandara Udara Sam Ratulangi Manado.” Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado, 1(X).

Mangkunegara (2017). (2021). Stres Kerja Berpengaruh Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Kepuasaan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 6(11), 951–952., 2013–2015.

Mariniello, M., Grzegorczyk, M., Nurski, L., & Schraepen, T. (2021). Blending the physical and virtual: a hybrid model for the future of work. Bruegel Policy Contribution, 14/2021(June). https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2021/05/08/the-porto-declaration/.

Miskiani, K. A., & Bagia, I. W. (2021). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Prospek: Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 2(2), 120. https://doi.org/10.23887/pjmb.v2i2.27077

Murfat, M. Z., Nasir, M., Husain, A., & Machmud, M. (2019). Pengaruh Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Terhadap Kinerja Account Representative pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Madya Makassar. Jurnal Mirai Managemnt, 4(2), 122–136.

Nugroho, A. A. K. Y. A. B. (2024). Pengaruh Sistem Kerja Hybrid Terhadap Job Satisfaction Dengan Motivasi Kerja Sebagai Mediasi Studi Pada Karyawan Swasta Yang Berprofesi Sebagai Digital Marketing Officer Di Jakarta Selatan. Prosiding Working Papers Series In Management, 16(02), 180–191.

Nur Azizah. (2019). Analisis Penempatan, Motivasi Kerja, dan Pengembangan Karier Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Pada PT. Angkasa Pura II (PERSERO) Bandara Husain Sastra Negara Bandung. Doctoral Dissertation, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, 30–32.

Prayogo, T., & Ismiyati, I. (2019). Pengaruh Kinerja Pegawai Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Masyarakat. Economic Education Analysis Journal, 7(3), 1148–1162. https://doi.org/10.15294/eeaj.v7i3.28346

Putri Nur Syiva, S., Ayu Lestari, R., Bagus Rahmad Lil’alamin, E., & Sisiawan Putra, R. (2023). Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja, Motivasi Kerja, Etos Kerja Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan (Literature Review). Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis Dan Sosial Sains, 02(01), 43–60.

Pytaloka, A. D., & Idulfilastri, R. M. (2025). Peran Keterlibatan Kerja Sebagai Mediator Pada Hubungan Pengaturan Kerja Fleksibel Terhadap Task Performance Karyawan Gen Z Di Lingkungan Kerja Hybrid. JURNAL LOCUS : Penelitian & Pengabdian, 4(8), 7655–7669.

Sekaran, U. (2014). Metodologi Penelitian Untuk Bisnis (Research Methods for Business) Buku 1 Edisi 4. Salemba Empat.

Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. CV. Alfabeta.

Sugiyono. (2018). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatig, dan R&D. Penerbit Alfabeta.

Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatig, dan R&D. Penerbit Alfabeta.

Syafiudin, A. I., Rizal, M., & Athia, I. (2022). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Hybrid Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Peningkatan Kinerja Karyawan (Studi Kasus Pada PT. Belitang Panen Raya 1 Oku Timur, Sumatera Selatan). Riset, Jurnal Prodi, Manajemen Fakultas, Manajemen Unisma, Bisnis, 13(01), 830–840.

Tampubolon, R., & Pakuan, U. (2023). Analisa Lingkungan Kerja Hibrida Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Bumn Sektor Keuangan. JIMFE (Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi), 9(2), 107–116. https://doi.org/10.34203/jimfe.v9i2.7484