Penegakan Hukum terhadap Tindak Pidana Penelantaran Anak di Kepolisian Resor Kota Besar Palembang dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam

Ike Vuspasari; Ema Fathimah; Muhammad Sadi Is

doi:10.61994/jsls.v4i1.2182

Authors

Ike Vuspasari Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang
Ema Fathimah Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang
Muhammad Sadi Is Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61994/jsls.v4i1.2182

Keywords:

Islamic criminal law, maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, child neglect

Abstract

Child protection is an important indicator of a state based on the rule of law, but child neglect still occurs in various regions, including Palembang City. This study aims to analyze the implementation of law enforcement against child neglect crimes in the Palembang City Police Resort and its compliance with the principles of Islamic criminal law. The method used is empirical juridical with a qualitative approach through interviews with the Women and Children's Service Unit of the Palembang City Police and analysis of legal documents. The results of the study indicate that law enforcement is carried out through two approaches: penal through investigation and inquiry, and non-penal through counseling, education, and cross-sectoral cooperation. Child neglect is understood multidimensionally, encompassing physical, educational, emotional, and health factors influenced by economic factors, family dysfunction, and low parenting capacity. From the perspective of Islamic criminal law, this strategy is in line with the objectives of maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, especially ḥifẓ al-nafs, ḥifẓ al-‘aql, and ḥifẓ al-nasl. Child neglect is a form of ta'zir crime, the handling of which is not only repressive but also educational and preventive, based on the principle of sadd al-dharī'ah. This research confirms that the effectiveness of law enforcement is not only measured by the number of cases, but also by the legal system's ability to protect children's rights in accordance with public welfare values. Strengthening synergy between the police, local governments, and child protection agencies, as well as the development of sharia-based standard operating procedures (SOPs), is needed.

References

Anggraini, M. D., Zailia, S., & Armasito, A. (2023). Sanksi Terhadap Pelaku Kekerasan Pada Anak Yang Mengakibatkan Luka Berat. Muqaranah, 7(1), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.19109/muqaranah.v7i1.16960

Albar, B., Fadli, J., Lestari, S., Salsabilla, A., Bianka, M., & Susilawati, S. (2025). Penerapan Prinsip Ta ‘zir terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Ringan dalam Putusan Nomor 156/Pid. B/2020/PN. Pre. Journal of Sharia and Legal Science, 3(3), 285-291.

Al-Shatibi, A. I. (1997). Al-Muwafaqat fi usul al-shari'ah (Vols. 1–4). Dar Ibn Affan.

Auda, J. (2008). Maqasid al-Shariah as philosophy of Islamic law: A systems approach. The International Institute of Islamic Thought.

Az-Zuhayli, W. (2011). Al-fiqh al-Islami wa adillatuhu (Vols. 1–10). Dar al-Fikr.

Bulian, P., Harmianto, H., & Sumailan, F. (2021). Penegakan Hukum Tindak Pidana Penelantaran oleh Orang Tua terhadap Anak Dibawah Umur. Sol Justicia, 4(1), 119-127.

Dzulfikriddin, M., & Azis, S. Reconciling Legal Norms: A Comparative Study of Road Marking Violations under National Law and Islamic Criminal Law. Muqaranah, 9(1), 35-51. https://doi.org/10.19109/3r9aw906

Rahardjo, S. (2009). Penegakan hukum: Suatu tinjauan sosiologis. Genta Publishing.

Republik Indonesia. (2002). Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia.

Republik Indonesia. (2014). Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak.

Republik Indonesia. (2023). Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana.

Soekanto, S. (1986). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penegakan hukum. Rajawali Pers.

Mointi, R., Rahim, A., & Tomayahu, N. S. (2024). Penelantaran Anak: Analisis Berdasarkan Hukum Pidana dan Hukum Pidana Islam. Jurnal Antologi Hukum, 4(2), 297-321.

Nabilla, E., & Musyafa'ah, N. L. (2024). Eksploitasi Anak Sebagai Pengamen Jalanan Di Kabupaten Madiun dalam Tinjauan Viktimologi dan Hukum Islam. Muqaranah, 8(2), 137-154. https://doi.org/10.19109/rbqke841

Ngazizah, N., et al. (2025). Legal protection for children as victims of neglect in Indonesia. Jurnal IUS QUIA IUSTUM.

Sabilah, H., Tamudin, M., & Hidayat, F. (2025). Criminal Sanctions for Distributing Explicit Videos on Social Media: A Comparative Study of Positive Law and Islamic Criminal Law. Muqaranah, 9(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.19109/w815m938

Syarifuddin, S., Wajdi, F., & Gultom, R. (2025). Perlindungan hukum terhadap anak korban penelantaran dalam sistem peradilan pidana Indonesia. Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam.

Sjamsuddi, F. L., Manoppo, B., & Bawole, G. Y. (2021). Penegakan hukum pidana terhadap penelantaran anak yang dilakukan oleh orang tua. Lex Crimen, 10.

Syarbaini, A. (2023). Konsep Ta’zir Menurut Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam. Jurnal Tahqiqa: Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum Islam, 17(2), 37-48.

Wahyuono, F. T., Kadire, S. A., Chrisjanto, E., & Munawar, S. (2026). Esensialitas Penegakan Hukum Tindak Pidana Penelantaran Anak dalam Perspektif Best Interest Of The Child. Legal Standing: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 10(1), 76-92.

Yusefri, Y., Faizin, M. A., & Jafar, W. A. (2024). Protecting Child Labor Rights: Maqasid Sharia Framework and Policy Recommendations. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam, 8(2), 1188-1215.